深海蠕虫可放“烟雾弹”迷惑敌人生物谷
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专题:Science报道
文字说明: 6个曾未知的游动种类的acrocirrid polycheate蠕虫被发现予太平洋深海处。
资料来源: Karen J. Oorn
据8月21日的《科学》杂志报道说,研究人员已经发现了数种深海蠕虫的新物种,它们会释放出极小的气球样的构造,这些构造一旦脱离这些蠕虫的身体,它们就会开始发出一种鲜亮的绿色。
Karen Oorn及其同僚在一篇Brevium中报告说,这些发光的“****”可能起到让捕食者分心的作用,而蠕虫可乘机逃跑,这与乌贼释放黑墨相似。 研究人员是通过遥控的潜艇在深海潜水的时候发现这些蠕虫的,其位置在菲律宾的海岸之外以及美国和墨西哥的西海岸。 他们一共发现了7种新的物种,其中有5种会释放出这些不寻常的“****”。 有4个物种生活在靠近海底的地方,它们当中有3种生活在水柱的更高处。 它们全部都极其擅长游泳,它们用其长长的刚毛形成的扇状物作为其游泳的划桨。 文章的作者说,他们的发现给人们一个重要的提醒,即我们现在对海洋深处是多么的无知。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推荐原始出处:
Science 21 August 2009:DOI: 10.1126/science.1172488
Deep-Sea, Swimming Worms with Luminescent "Bombs"
Karen J. Oorn,1,* Steven H. D. Haddock,2 Fredrik Pleijel,3 Laurence P. Madin,4 Greg W. Rouse1
By using remotely operated vehicles, we found seven previously unknown species of swimming annelid worms below 1800 meters. Specimens were large and bore a variety of elaborate head appendages. In addition, five species have pairs of ellipsoidal organs homologous to branchiae that produce brilliant green bioluminescence when autotomized. Five genes were used to determine the evolutionary relationships of these worms within Cirratuliformia. These species form a clade within Acrocirridae and were not closely related to either of the two known pelagic cirratuliforms. Thus, this clade represents a third invasion of the pelagic realm from Cirratuliformia. This finding emphasizes the wealth of discoveries to be made in pelagic and deep demersal habitats.
1 Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
2 Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI), Moss Landing, CA 95039, USA.
3 Department of Marine Ecology - Tj?rn?, University of G?teborg, SE 452 96 Str?mstad, Sweden.
4 Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA.