ÓÞÓÞѧ԰
www.SciFans.netÎÂÜ°Ìáʾ£º
2017Äê5ÔÂ12ÈÕ£¬Ç廪´óѧÉúÃüѧԺ¡¢½á¹¹ÉúÎïѧ¸ß¾«¼â´´ÐÂÖÐÐÄÊ©Ò»¹«Ñо¿×éÓÚ¡¶Ï¸°û¡·£¨Cell£©ÔÚÏß·¢±íÁËÌâΪ¡¶ÈËÔ´¼ô½ÓÌåµÄÔ×Ó·Ö±æÂʽṹ¡·£¨An Atomic Structure of the Human Spliceosome£©¡£ÕâÊǵÚÒ»¸ö¸ß·Ö±æÂʵÄÈËÔ´¼ô½ÓÌå½á¹¹£¬Ò²ÊÇÊ×´ÎÔÚ½üÔ×Ó·Ö±æÂʵij߶ÈÉϹ۲쵽½ÍĸÒÔÍâµÄ¡¢À´×ԸߵÈÉúÎïµÄ¼ô½ÓÌåµÄ½á¹¹£¬½øÒ»²½½ÒʾÁ˼ô½ÓÌåµÄ×é×°ºÍ¹¤×÷»úÀí£¬ÎªÀí½â¸ßµÈÉúÎïµÄRNA¼ô½Ó¹ý³ÌÌṩÁËÖØÒª»ù´¡¡£
ÔÚÕæºËÉúÎïϸ°ûÄÚ£¬´ó¶àÊý»ùÒòÊDz»Á¬ÐøµÄ£¬ËüÃǵıà*****Çø£¨exon£©±»³ÆΪÄÚº¬×Ó£¨intron£©µÄ·Ç±à*****ÐòÁиô¶Ï¡£ÔÚ»ùÒò±í´ï¹ý³ÌÖУ¬ÄÚº¬×ÓÐèÒª¾¹ý¼ôºÍ½ÓÕâÁ½²½»¯Ñ§·´Ó¦±»È¥³ý£¬´Ó¶øʹµÃ±à*****Çø¿ÉÒÔÁ¬½Ó³É²»Í¬µÄÐÅʹRNA£¨mRNA£©¡£Í¬Ò»¸ö»ùÒò£¬ÒòΪÄÚº¬×ӵı߽çºÍÊýÁ¿²»Í¬£¬¾¹ý¼ô½Ó£¬±ã¿ÉÒÔ²úÉú³ö¶àÖÖ±à*****µ°°×µÄmRNA¡£RNA¼ô½ÓÊÇËùÓÐÕæºËÉúÎïÌØÓеĹý³Ì£¬ÊÇÕæºËÉúÎïÖÐÐÄ·¨ÔòµÄ¹Ø¼ü²½ÖèÖ®Ò»£¬Ò²±»ÈÏΪÊÇÕæºËÉúÎ︴ÔÓÐÔµÄÖØÒª·Ö×Ó»ù´¡¡£RNA¼ô½Ó¹ý³Ì±ØÐë¸ß¶È¾«×¼£¬ÈκδíÎó¶¼ÓпÉÄܵ¼Ö»ùÒò±í´ïÒì³£ÄËÖÁ¼²²¡µÄ·¢Éú¡£¾Ýͳ¼Æ£¬1/3ÒÔÉϵÄÒÅ´«ÐÔ¼²²¡ÓëRNA¼ô½ÓÒì³£Óйء£
RNA¼ô½ÓÕâÒ»¸´ÔÓµÄÉúÀí¹ý³ÌÓɼô½ÓÌ壨spliceosome£©À´Ö´ÐС£¼ô½ÓÌåÊÇϸ°ûÖÐÒÑÖªµÄ×îΪ¸´ÔӵĴó·Ö×Ó»úÆ÷£¬·Ö×ÓÁ¿¾Þ´ó²¢ÇҸ߶ȶ¯Ì¬£¬Ö÷ÒªÓɵ°°×ÖÊ-ºËËáÐγɵĸ´ºÏÎribonucleoprotein£¬RNP£©×é×°Ðγɣ¬ËüÔÚÇ°ÌåÐÅʹRNA£¨pre-mRNA£©ÉÏÍê³Éʶ±ð¡¢×é×°¡¢¼¤»î¡¢´ß»¯µÈһϵÁйý³Ì£¬²¢×îÖÕÔÚ·´Ó¦½áÊøºó½âÀë³ÉÐí¶àСµÄ¹¦Äܵ¥Ôª£¬ÒÔ½øÈëÏÂÒ»¸ö·´Ó¦Ñ»·¡£¸ù¾Ý¼ô½ÓÌåµÄ×é³ÉÓë¹¹ÏóµÄ²»Í¬£¬¿ÉÒÔ½«¼ô½ÓÌå·ÖΪE¡¢A¡¢B¡¢Bact¡¢B*¡¢C¡¢C*¡¢P¡¢ILSµÈÈô¸É״̬£¨Í¼1£©¡£
ͼ1. ¼ô½Ó·´Ó¦¹ý³ÌʾÒâͼ
£¨Í¼Æ¬ÐÞ¸Ä×ÔJanine£¬2012£©
½âÎö¼ô½ÓÌåµÄ¸ß·Ö±æÂʽṹ¶ÔÓÚÀí½â¼ô½Ó·´Ó¦µÄ»úÀíÖÁ¹ØÖØÒª¡£2015Äê8Ô£¬Ê©Ò»¹«¿ÎÌâ×éÔÚÊÀ½çÉÏÂÊÏȽâÎöÁ˽Íĸ¼ô½ÓÌåµÄ¸ß·Ö±æÂʽṹ£¬ÔÚ2016ÄêÓÖ½Ðø±¨µÀÁ˽Íĸ¼ô½ÓÌåÔÚ²»Í¬¹¤×÷״̬ϵĸ߷ֱæ½á¹¹£¬ÌṩÁËÆù½ñΪֹ×îΪȫÃæºÍÇåÎúµÄ¼ô½ÓÌå½á¹¹ÐÅÏ¢£¬½ÒʾÁËRNA¼ô½ÓµÄ·Ö×Ó»ù´¡£¬¼«´óµØÍƶ¯ÁËÕâÒ»ÁìÓòµÄ·¢Õ¹¡£
È»¶øÓë½Íĸ¼ô½ÓÌåÏà±È£¬ÒÔÈËÀàΪ´ú±íµÄ¸ßµÈÉúÎïµÄ¼ô½ÓÌå×é³É¡¢×é×°ºÍµ÷¿Ø¸üΪ¸´ÔÓ£¬Æä½á¹¹Ñо¿Ò²ÒòΪ×é³ÉµÄ¸´ÔÓÐԺ͹¹ÏóµÄ²»Îȶ¨ÐÔ¶ø½øÕ¹»ºÂý¡£ÓÉÓÚ³¬¹ý1/3µÄÈËÀàÒÅ´«²¡Óë¼ô½Ó¹ý³ÌÖеĴíÎóÖ±½ÓÏà¹Ø£¬½âÎöÈËÔ´¼ô½ÓÌåµÄ½á¹¹²»½öÄÜ°ïÖúÀí½â¼ô½Ó·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§±¾ÖÊ£¬¸üÄÜ´Ù½ø¶ÔһЩ¼²²¡·¢²¡»úÖƵÄÀí½â£¬²¢ÎªÑз¢Õë¶Ô¼ô½ÓÌåµÄÏà¹ØÒ©ÎïÌṩ¿ÉÄÜ¡£Òò´ËÈËÔ´¼ô½ÓÌåµÄ½á¹¹½âÎöÊǼ«ÆäÖØÒª²¢Ø½Ðè½â¾öµÄÄÑÌâ¡£
ÔÚ×îз¢±íµÄ¡¶Ï¸°û¡·Ñо¿³¤ÎÄÖУ¬Ê©Ò»¹«Ñо¿×éÀûÓÃÐÞÊιýµÄpre-mRNA£¬ÔÚÌåÍâ½øÐÐÈËÔ´¼ô½ÓÌåµÄ×é×°£¬°Ñ¼ô½Ó·´Ó¦Ëø¶¨ÔÚÁ˵ÚÒ»²½·´Ó¦Ö®ºóÓëµÚ¶þ²½·´Ó¦Ö®Ç°µÄ״̬£¬¼´C*״̬¡£ÓÉÓÚÈËÔ´¼ô½ÓÌå·Ç³£²»Îȶ¨£¬Ñо¿ÈËԱʹÓû¯Ñ§½»Áª¼ÁÔÚκ͵ÄÌõ¼þ϶Լô½ÓÌå½øÐй̶¨£¬³É¹¦»ñµÃÁËÎȶ¨µÄÈËÔ´¼ô½ÓÌåÑùÆ·£¬²¢²ÉÓõ¥¿ÅÁ£À䶳µç¾µÖع¹³öÁË3.8°£µÄ½üÔ×Ó·Ö±æÂʽṹ£¨Í¼2ºÍͼ3£©¡£
ͼ2. ÈËÔ´¼ô½ÓÌåµÄ½á¹¹Ê¾Òâͼ
ͼ3. ÈËÔ´¼ô½ÓÌåÓë½Íĸ¼ô½ÓÌåµÄ±È½Ï
ÔڸýṹÖУ¬¼ô½ÓÌåºËÐÄÇø·Ö±æÂʸߴï3.0-3.5°££¬ÇåÎúµØչʾÁËÓÉ20Óà¸öµ°°×ÓëRNA×é³ÉµÄ´ß»¯·´Ó¦ÖÐÐĵĽṹ£¨Í¼4 £©¡£Í¬Ê±£¬ËûÃǹ۲쵽ÓëµÚ¶þ²½·´Ó¦ÃÜÇÐÏà¹ØµÄ¼ô½ÓÒò×ÓËù³ÊÏÖ³öµÄÌض¨¹¹Ï󣬶ÔÓÚÎȶ¨·´Ó¦»îÐÔÖÐÐÄÒÔ¼°´ß»¯µÚ¶þ²½×ªõ¥·´Ó¦ÖÁ¹ØÖØÒª¡£¸Ã½á¹¹µÄ½âÎöΪ½ÒʾµÚ¶þ²½·´Ó¦¹ý³ÌÖмô½ÓÌåµÄ¹¹Ïó±ä»¯ÒÔ¼°3 ¼ô½ÓλµãµÄʶ±ðÌṩÁËÖØÒªµÄ½á¹¹ÒÀ¾Ý¡£
ͼ4 ÈËÔ´¼ô½ÓÌåµÄ´ß»¯ÖÐÐÄÓëµ÷¿Ø»úÖÆ
Ê©Ò»¹«½ÌÊÚΪ±¾ÎÄͨѶ×÷Õߣ» PTNÏîÄ¿15¼¶²©Ê¿ÉúÕÅÏþ·å¡¢½á¹¹ÉúÎïѧ¸ß¾«¼â´´ÐÂÖÐÐÄ׿ԽѧÕßãÆ´´Òµ¡¢Ò½Ñ§Ôº²©Ê¿Éúº****************ºÎª±¾ÎĹ²Í¬µÚÒ»×÷Õߣ¬ãÆ´´Òµ²©Ê¿Í¬Ê±Îª±¾ÎĹ²Í¬Í¨Ñ¶×÷Õߣ»ÉúÃüѧԺ²©Ê¿ºóLorenzo I. Finci ²ÎÓëÁËÕâÏîÑо¿£»Ç廪´óѧÀ䶳µç¾µÆ½Ì¨Ö÷¹ÜÀ×½¨ÁÖÑо¿Ô±ÐÖúÊý¾ÝÊÕ¼¯£¬Æ½Ì¨¹¤×÷ÈËÔ±ÀîÏþ÷¡¢ÀîÏþÃôÔÚÊý¾ÝÊÕ¼¯¹ý³ÌÖÐÌṩÁË°ïÖú£»±¾¿ÎÌâµÃµ½ÁËÇ廪´óѧÀ䶳µç¾µÆ½Ì¨£¬¸ßÐÔÄܼÆËãƽ̨¡¢¹ú¼Òµ°°×ÖÊÉèʩʵÑé¼¼ÊõÖÐÐÄ£¨±±¾©£©µÄ´óÁ¦Ö§³Ö£»±¾¹¤×÷Ö÷Òª»ñµÃ±±¾©ÊнṹÉúÎïѧ¸ß¾«¼â´´ÐÂÖÐÐĵľ·ÑÖ§³Ö£¬²¢»ñµÃÁ˹ú¼Ò×ÔÈ»¿Æѧ»ù½ðίÒÔ¼°¿Æ¼¼²¿µÄ×ÊÖú¡££¨À´Ô´£ºÇ廪´óѧ½á¹¹ÉúÎïѧ¸ß¾«¼â´´ÐÂÖÐÐÄ£©
±¾ÎÄÁ´½Ó£º
http://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(17)30487-7
½Íĸ¼ô½ÓÌåÂÛÎÄÁ´½Ó£º
http://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2016/12/14/science.aak9979.full http://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2016/01/06/science.aad6466 http://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2015/08/19/science.aac8159 http://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2015/08/19/science.aac7629 http://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2016/07/20/science.aag0291 http://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2016/07/20/science.aag2235 ¸ü¶àÔĶÁ
Ê©Ò»¹«µÈÔÚ¡¶¿Æѧ¡··¢Îı¨µÀ½Íĸ¼ô½ÓÌåÈýά½á¹¹
Ê©Ò»¹«Ñо¿×éÔÚ¡¶¿Æѧ¡··¢±í±³¿¿±³Á½ÆªÂÛÎÄ
ÌرðÉùÃ÷£º±¾ÎÄתÔؽö½öÊdzöÓÚ´«²¥ÐÅÏ¢µÄÐèÒª£¬²¢²»Òâζ×Å´ú±í±¾ÍøÕ¾¹Ûµã»ò֤ʵÆäÄÚÈݵÄÕæʵÐÔ£»ÈçÆäËûýÌå¡¢ÍøÕ¾»ò¸öÈË´Ó±¾ÍøվתÔØʹÓã¬Ðë±£Áô±¾ÍøÕ¾×¢Ã÷µÄÀ´Ô´£¬²¢×Ô¸º°æȨµÈ·¨ÂÉÔðÈΣ»×÷ÕßÈç¹û²»Ï£Íû±»×ªÔØ»òÕßÁªÏµ×ªÔظå·ÑµÈÊÂÒË£¬ÇëÓëÎÒÃǽÓÇ¢¡£