ÓÞÓÞѧ԰
www.SciFans.netÎÂÜ°Ìáʾ£º
×Ô1929Äê°£µÂιþ²ªÌá³öÐÇϵµÄÊÓÏòËÙ¶ÈÓëµ½¹Û²âÕߵľàÀëÖ®¼ä³ÊÏÖÏßÐÔ¹Øϵ£¨¼´ºóÀ´¾µäµÄ¹þ²ª¶¨ÂÉ£©ÒÔÀ´£¬¶Ô¹þ²ª³£ÊýµÄ²âÁ¿Ê¼ÖÕÊÇÌìÎÄѧÑо¿ÖÐ×îÖØÒªµÄÄÚÈÝÖ®Ò»¡£¹þ²ª³£Êý£¬¼´¹þ²ª¹ØϵÖеÄбÂÊ£¬´ÓËüµÄ´óС¿ÉÒÔÖ±½Ó¹ÀËã³öÓîÖæµÄÄêÁä¡£´ËÍ⣬¹þ²ª³£ÊýµÄ¶ÀÁ¢¾«È·²âÁ¿£¬ÓÐÖúÓÚ¸üºÃµØÏÞ¶¨ÓîÖæѧ³£Êý¡£È»¶ø£¬Ô´ÓÚ²»Í¬²âÁ¿Õß»ò²âÁ¿·½·¨Ö®¼äµÄϵͳÎó²î£¬¶Ô¹þ²ª³£ÊýµÄ¾«È·²âÁ¿²¢·ÇÒ×Ê¡£½üÈÕ£¬Öйú¿ÆѧԺÉϺ£ÌìÎĄ̈¿ÆÑÐÈËÔ±²ÎÓëµÄ¹ú¼ÊÐÔÓîÖæѧÏîÄ¿×飬»ùÓÚ¶Ô4¸öË®³¬ÅÌÂöÔóϵͳµÄ³¤ÆÚ¼à²âÊý¾Ý£¬¾«È·²âÁ¿³ö¹þ²ª³£Êý£¬ÓëÆäËü²âÁ¿·½·¨µÃµ½µÄ½á¹ûÔÚÎó²î·¶Î§ÄÚÒ»Ö¡£ÉϺ£ÌìÎĄ̈¿ÆÑÐÈËÔ±¸ºÔðÁËÆäÖÐ1¸öϵͳµÄ·ÖÎö£¬¸Ã¹¤×÷ÒÑ·¢±íÓÚ½üÆڵĹú¼ÊÌìÎÄÆÚ¿¯¡¶ÌìÌåÎïÀíѧ±¨¡·£¨Astrophysical Journal£©¡£
´«Í³µÄ²âÁ¿¹þ²ª³£ÊýµÄ·½·¨Ö÷ÒªÒÀÀµÓÚÔ츸±äÐÇÒÔ¼°IaÐͳ¬ÐÂÐÇ¡£¾¡¹ÜÏà±ÈÊýÊ®ÄêÇ°¶øÑÔ£¬²»Í¬Ñо¿ÕßÖ®¼äËù²âµÃµÄ¹þ²ª³£Êý½á¹û²î¾àÒÑÃ÷ÏÔËõС£¬µ«ÎªÁËÄܸü¾«È·µØ²â¶¨¹þ²ª³£Êý£¬Í¬Ê±Ò²ÎªÁ˼ìÑ鲻ͬ²âÁ¿·½·¨Ö®¼äµÄϵͳÎó²î£¬È«Ðµļ¸ºÎ¾àÀë²âÁ¿·½·¨Ò²ÔÚ²»¶ÏµØ±»Ìá³ö£¬ÆäÖÐ22 GHzË®³¬ÅÌÂöÔóϵͳµÄ·¢ÏÖΪ¹þ²ª³£ÊýµÄ²âÁ¿ÌṩÁËÒ»ÖÖȫеĿÉÄÜ¡£
ÔÚ¸ÃÀàÌìÌåÖУ¬ÔÚ¾àÀëºÓÍâÐÇϵÖÐÐij¬´óÖÊÁ¿ºÚ¶´Ô¼1Ãë²î¾à£¨parsec; pc£¬1Ãë²î¾à=31ÍòÒÚǧÃ×£©µÄÎü»ýÅÌÇøÓòÉÏ·Ö²¼×Å´óÁ¿¿ÉÒÔ²úÉú22 GHzË®³¬ÂöÔó·øÉäµÄË®·Ö×Ó£¬²¢ÇÒÕâЩˮ·Ö×ÓËæ×ÅÎü»ýÅÌΧÈÆÖÐÐij¬´óÖÊÁ¿ºÚ¶´½øÐÐÐýתÔ˶¯¡£ÓÉÓÚÂöÔó·øÉäµÄ×¼Ö±ÐԺͷøÉä·Å´óÐÔ£¬Í¨¹ýÉõ³¤»ùÏ߸ÉÉæ²âÁ¿£¨Very long Baseline Interferometry, VLBI£©¼¼Êõ£¬Ã¿¸öÂöÔó°ßµÄ¿Õ¼äλÖÃÒÔ¼°ÊÓÏòËٶȶ¼¿ÉÒÔ±»¾«È·µØ²âÁ¿³öÀ´¡£
»ùÓÚ¶ÔÊÓÏòËٶȵIJâÁ¿ÒÔ¼°³¤ÆÚ¼à²â£¬¿ÉÒԵõ½ÂöÔó°ßµ½ºÚ¶´µÄÎïÀí³ß´ç¡£½«ÆäÓëÓÉVLBI²âÁ¿µÃµ½µÄÂöÔóÅ̵Ľdzߴç½áºÏ£¬¾ÍÄܵõ½ÂöÔóÅ̵½¹Û²âÕߵļ¸ºÎ¾àÀ룻ÔÙ×ÛºÏÍËÐÐËٶȣ¬¾Í¿ÉÒÔÍÆËã³ö¹þ²ª³£ÊýµÄÖµÁË¡£ÉϺ£ÌìÎĄ̈µÄ²©Ê¿Ñо¿Éú¸ß·å½éÉÜ˵£¬ÒªÖªµÀ£¬ÕâÖÖ·½·¨²¢²»ÒÀÀµÈκÎÓîÖæѧģÐͼÙÉ裬Òò´ËÓÉÂöÔóÅÌϵͳËùµÃµ½µÄ¼¸ºÎѧ¾àÀë¿ÉÓÃÓÚ¶Ô²»Í¬ÓîÖæѧģÐ͵ļìÑé¡£ÀûÓÃÕâÖÖ·½·¨£¬NGC 4258³ÉΪÁËÊ׸öÍê³É¼¸ºÎ¾àÀë²âÁ¿µÄÅÌÂöÔóϵͳ¡£
»ùÓÚ¶ÔNGC 4258¼¸ºÎ¾àÀë²âÁ¿µÄ³É¹¦£¬ÓÉÇ°ÃÀ¹ú¹ú¼ÒÉäµçÌìÎĄ̨̈³¤Â³¹úï޵ȷ¢Æð³«Òé¡¢ÃÀ¹ú¹ú¼ÒÉäµçÌìÎĄ̈²©Ê¿Jim BraatzÁìµ¼µÄ¹ú¼ÊÑо¿ÍŶÓÓÚ2009Ä꿪չÁËÀûÓúÓÍâË®³¬ÂöÔóÔ´¶Ô¹þ²ª³£Êý½øÐÐϵͳÐÔ²âÁ¿µÄÑо¿ÏîÄ¿³¬ÂöÔóÓîÖæѧÏîÄ¿£¨Megamaser Coology Project; MCP£©¡£¸ÃÏîÄ¿¼Æ»®ÔÚ±±ÌìÇø¾àÀëÎÒÃÇ50-200MpcµÄ·¶Î§ÄÚËÑÑ°µ½10¸öÀàËÆNGC 4258µÄºÓÍâË®³¬ÅÌÂöÔóÔ´¡£Èô¶Ôÿ¸öÅÌÂöÔóÔ´µÄ¼¸ºÎ¾àÀë¿ÉÒÔÈ·¶¨µ½10%µÄ¾«¶È£¬Ôò10¸öÔ´µÄ½á¹ûͳ¼Æµþ¼ÓÖ®ºó¿É´ïµ½3%µÄ¾«¶È¡£
¸ß·åÔÚ²©Ê¿Ñо¿ÉúÆÚ¼ä»ñµ*************************À¹ú¹ú¼ÒÉäµçÌìÎĄ̈µÄGrotel Reber½±Ñ§½ð£¬ÔÚ³¹úïÞºÍJim BraatzµÄÖ¸µ¼Ï£¬»ý¼«²ÎÓëÁËMCP£¬¸ºÔðÍê³ÉÁ˶ԺÓÍâË®³¬ÅÌÂöÔóÔ´NGC 5765bµÄ¼¸ºÎ¾àÀë²âÁ¿¡£NGC 5765bÊÇÒ»¸ö¹âѧÐÎ̬·ÖÀàΪSa-bµÄ2ÐͻÐÇϵ£¬ÆäÖеÄÂöÔó·øÉäÊÇMCPÍŶÓÔÚ2012Äê2ÔµÄѲÌì¹Û²âÖз¢Ïֵģ¬Í¼2ΪNGC 5765bµäÐ͵ĵ¥ÌìÏßÂöÔóÆ×ÏßÂÖÀª£¬ÆäÖпÉÒÔÃ÷ÏԵؿ´µ½ÂöÔóÆ×ÏßÔÚËٶȷֲ¼ÉϳÊÏÖ³ö3´ØµÄÌØÕ÷£¬·ûºÏ¾µäµÄË®³¬ÅÌÂöÔóµÄÆ×ÏßÂÖÀªÌØÕ÷£¬×îÖÐÐÄ1´ØµÄËÙ¶È×î¿¿½üÐÇϵµÄÍËÐÐËٶȣ¬³Æ֮ΪϵͳÂöÔó¡£
ΪÁ˽øÒ»²½Ìá¸ß¹Û²âÁéÃô¶È£¬ÓÉλÓÚÃÀ¹úµÄÉõ³¤»ùÏßÕó£¨Very Long Baseline Array; VLBA£©¡¢Î»ÓÚÃÀ¹úÎ÷¸¥¼ªÄáÑÇÖݵÄÂ̵ÌÉäµçÍûÔ¶¾µ£¨Green Bank Telescope; GBT£©100Ã×µ¥ÌìÏßÒÔ¼°Î»ÓÚÃÀ¹úÐÂÄ«Î÷¸çÖݵÄVLA¹¹³ÉµÄ¸ÉÉæÕó¹²Í¬½øÐÐÁË8´Î¹Û²â¡£
Óë´Ëͬʱ£¬ÎªÁËÄܵõ½NGC 5765bÖÐÂöÔóµÄ¼ÓËٶȣ¬MCPÍŶÓÀûÓÃGBT 100Ã×ÉäµçÍûÔ¶¾µ¿ªÕ¹Á˶ÔNGC 5765bΪÆÚ2Ä꣬ÿÔÂ1´ÎµÄÆ×Ïß¼à²â¹Û²â£¬¹²ÊÕ¼¯µ½19¸öÀúÔªµÄ¹Û²âÊý¾Ý¡£
¸ß·å˵£º×îºó½áºÏÓÉVLBI¹Û²âµÃµ½µÄÂöÔó°ßµÄ¿Õ¼äλÖ÷ֲ¼ÐÅÏ¢ÒÔ¼°ÓÉÆ×Ïß¼à²â¹Û²âµÃµ½µÄÂöÔó°ßµÄ¼ÓËÙ¶ÈÐÅÏ¢£¬ÎÒÃǶÔNGC 5765bÖеÄÂöÔóÅ̽øÐÐÈýάÄâºÏ£¬µÃµ½ÂöÔóÅ̵ļ¸ºÎ¾àÀë¡£ÓÉNGC 5765b¸ø³öµÄ¹þ²ª³£ÊýΪH0 = 66.0 6.0 km s-1Mpc-1¡£
½áºÏNGC 5765bµÄ¼¸ºÎ¾àÀë²âÁ¿½á¹û£¬MCPÍŶÓÏÖÒÑ·¢±íÁ˶Ô4¸öºÓÍâË®³¬ÅÌÂöÔóÔ´µÄ¼¸ºÎ¾àÀë²âÁ¿£¬²¢ÇÒÓɸÃ4¸öÐÇϵ¹²Í¬ÏÞ¶¨µÄ¹þ²ª³£ÊýΪH0 = 67.6 4.0 km s-1Mpc-1 £¨¼´Îó²î5.9%£©¡£
½«Óɲ»Í¬²âÁ¿·½·¨Ëù¸ø³öµÄ×îеĹþ²ª³£Êý²âÁ¿½á¹ûÓëMCP½á¹û½øÐбȽϣ¬´Óͼ3¿ÉÒÔÃ÷ÏԵؿ´³ö£¬ÓÉ´«Í³µÄÔ츸±äÐÇ¡¢IaÐͳ¬ÐÂÐÇËùµÃµÄ½á¹ûÓëCMBÊý¾ÝÔÚCDMÓîÖæѧģÐÍϸø³öµÄ¹þ²ª³£Êý²¢²»Ò»Ö£¬¶øÄ¿Ç°µÄMCP½á¹ûÓëÉÏÊö½á¹ûÔÚ1-sigmaÎó²î·¶Î§ÄÚ¶¼ÊÇÒ»Öµġ£¸ß·å±íʾ£ºÎªÁ˸üºÃµØ¼ìÑ鲻ͬµÄ²âÁ¿Ö®¼äÊÇ·ñÏ໥һÖ£¬ÎÒÃǼ±Ðè¶Ô¸ü¶àµÄÂöÔóÔ´½øÐм¸ºÎ¾àÀë²âÁ¿£¬´Ó¶øÀ´½øÒ»²½Ôö¼ÓMCP²âÁ¿½á¹ûµÄ¾«¶È¡£Îª´Ë£¬MCPÏîÄ¿ÍŶÓÄ¿Ç°ÕýÔÚ¶Ô4¸öеĺÓÍâË®³¬ÂöÔóÔ´½øÐм¸ºÎ¾àÀë²âÁ¿£¬²¢ÆÚÍûÔÚδÀ´1-2ÄêÄÚ¶Ô¹þ²ª³£ÊýµÄÏÞ¶¨¾«¶ÈÌá¸ßµ½4%ÒÔÄÚ¡££¨À´Ô´£ºÖпÆÔºÉϺ£ÌìÎĄ̈£©
ÌرðÉùÃ÷£º±¾ÎÄתÔؽö½öÊdzöÓÚ´«²¥ÐÅÏ¢µÄÐèÒª£¬²¢²»Òâζ×Å´ú±í±¾ÍøÕ¾¹Ûµã»ò֤ʵÆäÄÚÈݵÄÕæʵÐÔ£»ÈçÆäËûýÌå¡¢ÍøÕ¾»ò¸öÈË´Ó±¾ÍøվתÔØʹÓã¬Ðë±£Áô±¾ÍøÕ¾×¢Ã÷µÄ¡°À´Ô´¡±£¬²¢×Ô¸º°æȨµÈ·¨ÂÉÔðÈΣ»×÷ÕßÈç¹û²»Ï£Íû±»×ªÔØ»òÕßÁªÏµ×ªÔظå·ÑµÈÊÂÒË£¬ÇëÓëÎÒÃǽÓÇ¢¡£