生物谷报道:美国科学家发现,人在饥饿时胃黏膜会分泌一种饥饿激素,可以减轻心理压力,预防抑郁与焦虑的情绪。这一研究成果发表在《自然—神经学》(Nature Neuroscience)上。
美国得州大学西南医学中心的科研人员完成了这一研究,该中心内科学和精神病学教授杰弗里·齐格曼博士表示,使人产生饥饿感的主要原因是胃中的激素。
在释放这种激素时,人们会对食物产生兴趣,同时,抑郁或焦虑情绪也会减轻,抵抗压力的能力会明显增强。“尽管饥饿激素可能让人们吃得多,但也会让你有一份好心情。”齐格曼说,一方面对食物的兴趣分散了我们对压力来源的注意,另一方面,这种激素会向大脑发出信号,让身体进行自我调节,“想到美味的食物,心情应该不会太差吧,热爱美食的人一般都比较乐观。”
过去研究者曾通过抑制饥饿激素的分泌,帮助减肥。目前,他们正在研究利用饥饿激素,帮助厌食者和抑郁症患者,通过增加饥饿激素,使这些人发生积极变化。(Nature Neuroscience,doi:10.1038/nn.2139,Michael Lutter,Jeffrey M Zigman
The orexigenic hormone ghrelin defends against depressive symptoms of chronic stress
Michael Lutter1, Ichiro Sakata2, Sherri Oorne-Lawrence2, Sherry A Rovinsky2, Jason G Anderson2, Saendy Jung1, Shari Birnbaum1, Masashi Yanagisawa3, Joel K Elmquist1,2,4, Eric J Nestler1 & Jeffrey M Zigman2
We found that increasing ghrelin levels, through subcutaneous injections or calorie restriction, produced anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like responses in the elevated plus maze and forced swim test. Moreover, chronic social defeat stress, a rodent model of depression, persistently increased ghrelin levels, whereas growth hormone secretagogue receptor (Ghsr) null mice showed increased deleterious effects of chronic defeat. Together, these findings demonstrate a previously unknown function for ghrelin in defending against depressive-like symptoms of chronic stress.